| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Application: | Power |
| Phase: | Single |
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The silicon steel core is the most commonly used magnetic circuit material in transformers. Made of cold-rolled electrical steel containing 2%~5% silicon (Si), it features high magnetic permeability and low core loss, making it widely applicable in power transformers, reactors, and other electromagnetic devices.
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| High Permeability | High magnetic permeability (μ > 10,000), reducing excitation current and improving efficiency. |
| Low Core Loss | Silicon content minimizes eddy current losses, while surface insulation coatings further reduce losses. |
| High Saturation Flux Density | Saturation flux density (Bs) reaches 1.8~2.0T, suitable for high-power transformers. |
| Temperature Stability | Stable magnetic performance within -50°C to 150°C, adaptable to various environments. |
| Mechanical Strength | Excellent stamping and stacking properties due to cold-rolling processes. |
| Type | Characteristics | Standard Grades | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel (CRGO) | Grains align along the rolling direction, offering high permeability (optimal along rolling direction) and extremely low core loss. | 30Q130, 23QG085 | Large power transformers, distribution transformers |
| Non-Grain-Oriented Silicon Steel (CRNGO) | Random grain distribution, isotropic magnetic properties, lower cost. | 50W470, 35WW250 | Small/medium transformers, motors, reactors |
Low-Silicon Steel (Si 2%~3%): High mechanical strength but higher core loss, used in small motors.
High-Silicon Steel (Si 3%~5%): High resistivity, low core loss, ideal for high-efficiency transformers.
| Parameter | Definition | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Core Loss (P1.5/50) | Power loss per unit weight (W/kg) at 1.5T flux density and 50Hz; lower values indicate better performance. | Directly affects no-load loss and temperature rise. |
| Permeability (μ) | Material's magnetization capability; higher values reduce excitation current. | Influences transformer efficiency and excitation characteristics. |
| Stacking Factor | Ratio of actual laminated thickness to theoretical thickness (typically ≥95%). | Affects core fill rate and magnetic circuit efficiency. |
Cold Rolling & Annealing:
Cold rolling enhances grain orientation (CRGO) or uniformity (CRNGO).
Annealing relieves internal stress and optimizes magnetic properties.
Insulation Coating:
Surfaces are coated with phosphate, magnesium oxide, or organic layers to minimize eddy current losses.
Punching & Stacking:
CRGO is punched along the rolling direction to minimize magnetic reluctance.
Step-lap stacking reduces no-load losses.
Power Transformers: CRGO (e.g., 30Q120) for 500kV+ ultra-high-voltage transformers.
Distribution Transformers: Mid-to-low-grade CRGO (e.g., 27QG095) or hybrid designs with amorphous alloys.
Reactors & Motors: CRNGO (e.g., 50W600) for inductive components and rotating machines.
High-Grade Silicon Steel: e.g., 20QG090, for further reduced core loss.
Laser Domain Refinement: Reduces high-frequency losses.
Eco-Friendly Coatings: Chromium-free insulation (e.g., water-based coatings).
| Comparison | Silicon Steel Core | Amorphous Alloy Core |
|---|---|---|
| Core Loss | Low (P1.5/50 ≈ 0.8~1.3W/kg) | Ultra-low (P1.5/50 ≈ 0.2~0.3W/kg) |
| Cost | Low (mature technology) | High (material and processing costs) |
| Mechanical Strength | High (easy to punch and stack) | Low (brittle, requires special handling) |
| Frequency Range | 50Hz~1kHz | 50Hz~20kHz |
| Typical Uses | Power transformers, industrial motors | Energy-efficient distribution transformers, high-frequency power supplies |
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